I think time is an effect, like temperature, pressure, color and sound. Frequencies and amplitudes, rates and degrees.

As Einstein said, "Time is what you measure with a clock. Clocks measure frequency and rate.

Thermometers measure degrees, which is essentially amplitude, the amount of energy. Turn up the heat and you turn up the amplitude of the activity, atoms fluctuating.

I would say the past is in and the future is out, because outside is larger than inside and potential is a multiple of actual and actual is a multiple of residual. Energy expands to the future, as structure condenses into form and memory.

Einstein's cosmological constant was to balance gravity and keep it from causing the universe to collapse.

Gravity is what mass/structure does, condense. So the space within galaxies contracts, while the space between them expands. The overall effect is flat. Omega=1.

This is interpreted as the expansion of space neither increasing or declining, yet logically it means they balance out. The expansion of space between galaxies is cancelled by the collapse of space within galaxies.

So the redshift is evidence of just as Einstein said the CC does, balance gravity from causing overall space to collapse.

It is like the ball on a rubber sheet analogy of gravity, causing the curvature of space. Yet the rubber sheet is also over water, so where the balls push the sheet down, curve space in, it is pushed up in the areas with no balls, curved outward, in an overall equilibrium.