If you read the essay linked, I did note Islam.

I don't see that I'm condemning anyone, just trying to see how all the pieces fit together.

One point I make in that essay is that while culture tends to treat good and bad as some cosmic conflict between the forces of righteousness and evil, in nature, it's the basic biological binary of beneficial and detrimental. The 1/0 of sentience. So while culture might serve as a useful bonding agent, it makes a very hazy filter to understand the underlaying reality.