It isn't that galaxies are expanding, but that light is radiating away from them, as mass gravitates into them.

The problem with the BBT is that it can't be falsified, as whenever there is a gap between prediction and observation, some enormous new force is inserted, like an epicycle.

Before Inflation, Dark Matter and Energy, the original patch was when they realized that as everything is redshifted proportional to distance, it makes us appear to be at the center, so it was changed from an expansion in space, to an expansion of space, because "spacetime!"

Which ignores the central premise of Relativity, that the speed of light is constant in any frame, since if intergalactic light is being redshifted, it isn't constant to intergalactic space. More lightyears, not stretched lightyears.

So two metrics are based on the same light, one on spectrum and one on speed. Since this expansion, based on the redshift, is effectively being measured against the speed of light, why it's redshifted, that means the speed is still the denominator.

We are at the center of our point of view, so an optical effect would be logical and it has been shown that light "packets" do redshift over distance, as the higher frequencies dissipate faster;

h ttp://fqxi.org/data/forum-attachments/2008CChristov_WaveMotion_45_154_EvolutionWavePackets.pdf

Which would mean we are sampling a wave front, not individual photons and that gets back to the point about quanta as form, not energy. The smallest measureable quantities, not objects of light.

Galaxies are nodes in the network. You are trying to extract the nodes and then saying they can't be clarified as particular entities. Which is true, the nodes are not separate from the networks. The basis of the nodes is the form coalescing in, while the networks stretch to infinity.

Which gets back to my point about time. Consider a factory, where the product goes start to finish, future to past, while the production line goes the other way, consuming material and expelling product. As with life, where the individual goes birth to death, while life moves onto the next generations, shedding the old.

People necessarily view their situation in the singular, or they become schizophrenic, but the larger reality is a constantly cycling network, creating and dissolving the entities, first as positive feedback, then as negative feedback.

We also perceive in terms of distinctions, rather than processes, so the galaxy isn't clear as an entity, except from a relatively distant point of view, but it is explainable as a process, a convection cycle of radiating light and coalescing mass/form.

This was bit quick, but off to work...