Prateek,

It isn't so much polytheism, but pantheism, the many as one.

Consider the most coherent alternative to monism, is dualism, that there are two sides to every coin. Even matter is more positive and negative charge, than any actual substance.

There is a strong tendency to synchronize social movements into a larger, emergent organism, so monotheism definitely encouraged absolutist political movements in the West.

Consider that with cultures, good and bad tend to be treated as some cosmic conflict between the forces of righteousness and evil, while in nature, it's the basic biological binary of beneficial and detrimental, the 1/0 of sentience.

This is because cultures are trying to create that larger social movement.

In Murray's most famous book, The Five Stages of Greek Religion, https://www.gutenberg.org/files/30250/30250-h/30250-h.htm,

he lays out how the original system was of the sky god and earth mother giving birth to the new god in the spring, but by the time of classical Greece, Zeus remained as supreme and didn't give way to Dionysus, tradition had prevailed over renewal. So Christianity, with the story of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, was an effort to get back to the story of renewal. Which was the origin of the Trinity.

Then the Romans set it in stone again, with the Catholic Church, until Martin Luther came along and tried pushing the reset button again, but by then the layers of tradition had grown too thick.

Here is an essay of mine, where I try tying a lot of such threads together and peeling away some of those layers;

https://medium.com/@johnbrodixmerrymanjr/the-cliffs-edge-2b382ae2a73